Text in Danish.

During several hundred thousand years of human prehistory, siliceous rocks such as flint and chert were the most important raw materials used for tool production. In the 5th millennium BC, however, the use of copper is documented in many Neolithic tool assemblages and in the course of the 3rd millennium BC metal technology is introduced in prehistoric societies all over Europe. With a few exceptions, metal is largely superior to flint when it comes to the production of tools, yet there are regions throughout the world where flint craftsmanship thrived long after metallurgy had been introduced. There are numerous examples of copper and bronze implements being copied with great skill in flint, and in some areas simple flint tools would seem to be in common use even in early Iron Age societies. The present volume embodies the proceedings of a workshop dedicated to "lithic technology in metal using societies" that was held in connection with the XVth UISPP congress in Lisbon in September 2006. The workshop brought together researchers working on lithic inventories from a global range of societies in which tool-stone is being replaced by metal. Papers providing methodological and theoretical insight pertinent to these issues were also invited and the original score of papers presented at the workshop has been further enriched by papers from authors who were not able to participate in the workshop. With contributions by: Berit V Eriksen; Barbara Armbruster; Mechtild Freudenberg; Catherine Frieman; Annelou Van Gijn; Anders Hogberg; Torben B Ballin; Jarosaw Bronowicki & Mirosaw Masoj; Matthieu Honegger & Pauline De Montmollin; Chloe Druart; Evangelia Karimali; Georgia Kourtessi-Philippakis; Lasse Sensen; Steven A Rosen; Isaac Gilead; Angela Davidzon & Jacob Vardi; Teresa P Raczek; Miriam N Haidle; Udo Neumann & Alfred Pawlik.

In spite of the steadily expanding concept of art in the Western world, art made in twentieth-century totalitarian regimes -- notably nazi Germany, fascist Italy and the communist East Bloc countries -- is still to a surprising degree excluded from main stream art history and the exhibits of art museums. In contrast to earlier art made to promote princely or ecclesiastical power, this kind of visual culture seems to somehow not fulfil the category of 'true' art, instead being marginalised as propaganda for politically suspect regimes. This book wants to modify this displacement, comparing totalitarian art with modernist and avant-garde movements; confronting their cultural and political embeddings; and writing forth their common genealogies. Its eleven articles include topics as varied as: the concept of totalitarianism and totalitarian art, totalitarian exhibitions, monuments and architecture, forerunners of totalitarian art in romanticism and heroic realism, and diverse receptions of totalitarian art in democratic cultures.

German text with English summary. An analysis of the Scandinavian Roman and Migration Period war booty site, Kragelund, excavated on the Island of Funen, Denmark in the late 19th century. Based on the evidence from the war booty offerings and a huge number of defensive structures all over Scandinavia Iversen argues that Iron Age society in this region had an ideology of warfare to a degree such that it was an integral part of the very structure of society.

Monocotyledons ('monocots'), though comprising only one fourth of all flowering plant species, are economically and ecologically crucial. In families such as the grasses and palms, they include some of the most valuable plant species to humanity. Numerous monocot species have great ornamental value due to their spectacular flowers or characteristic structural features. They range in size from the smallest flowering plants, Wolffia arrbiza, little more than 1 mm across, to massive palm trees up to 40m tall. Monocot species occur in arctic regions, wet tropical forests, and deserts, and have a wide range of life forms, including floating and rooted aquatic plants, geophytes, epiphytes, and lianas. The book includes reviews and reports of current research by the world's leading specialists, based on presentations made at the Fourth International Conference on the Comparative Biology of the Monocotyledons and the Fifth International Symposium on Grass Systematics and Evolution, held in Copenhagen in 2008.

This book will give you a basic vocabulary that will enable you to get by in normal everyday activities in Denmark. The book contains small stories and dialogues, as well as history and facts about Denmark. Grammatical rules, with adhering exercises are also included.

The war on terror, the globalisation of politics and the emergence of international law have shaped our recent history and brought about new questions and challenges for politicians as well as for the sciences concerned with understanding the dynamics at play. With contributions from philosophy, the history of ideas, social science, political science and literature studies, this book offers thirteen investigations into the co-constitutive relationship between subjectivity and political and legal order, combining theoretical reflection with empirical and historical case studies. The result is an interdisciplinary kaleidoscope providing the reader with distinct and original perspectives on what is at heart a singular concern: the significance of order and its limits for the exercise of freedom of thought and action for the human being.

In Antiquity the Black Sea region was a meeting point for several different population groups with diverse cultural backgrounds. The present monograph takes its point of departure in burial data from four coastal localities in the northern region of the Black Sea. The mortuary practices are decoded and interpreted within a framework mainly based on concepts of cultural interaction rather than cultural polarisation. Thus, the dogma of 'The Greeks and the Others' is challenged, and alternative perceptions of interactions between the people in the Black Sea region form the basis of the study. The burials are primarily analysed with emphasis on social strategies and cultural diversity. Furthermore, the Black Sea region is set into a comparative perspective through an outlook on burial customs and mortuary practices in the colonial milieus of contemporary Southern Italy.

This book is a publication of an entire city quarter of one of the most important ancient Greek Black Sea cities, Olbia. The publication is a result of collaboration between Danish, Ukrainian, Canadian and Russian scholars. It includes a study of the architecture and finds made during excavations between 1985 and 2002. It is the first publication of a Black Sea city with full documentation. It documents life in the residential quarters of Olbia's lower city from the time of the city's foundation in the middle of the 6th century BC until the Roman period. Contributors to this volume include: P Guldager Bilde, L Bjerg, A Bujskikh, O Buravcuk, P Diatroptov, J Hjarl Petersen, S Handberg, J M Hojte, V V Krapivina, V Krutilov, S D Kryziskij, M Lawall, N Lejpunskaja & A Rusjaeva.

This book discusses the significance of the state in a globalised economy. Focusing on Denmark and Ireland, the book analyses how small states adapt to the international market and argues that the institutional mediation of globalisation helps us explain why some states seem to possess more capacity to adjust than others. Not only must we bring the state back in, we must also consider how history, culture and collective identities influence the performance of the nation-state in the new globalised world order. With contributions by Francis Fukuyama, Bob Jessop, David Marsh, John A Hall and John Campbell, Georg Sorensen, Bjorn Hvinden, Rory ODonnell, Peadar Kirby, Joseph Ruane, Brian Girvin, Sean ORiain, Chris McInerny, Gert and Gunnar Svendsen, Lars Bo Kaspersen and Linda Thorsager, Henrik Bang, and Michael Boss.

Christianity changed the culture and society of Iceland, as it also did in other parts of Northern Europe during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. One of the important areas of change involved the introduction of new rules on the legal requirements for marriage. This book examines Icelandic law codes, marriage contracts, and other documents related to court proceedings. Based on extensive source material never researched before, this pioneer study explores the very gradual Christianisation of marriage in Iceland. It shows that this process, which lasted for hundreds of years, had consequences for family and kinship politics, for inheritance and property transfer, and for gender relations. As canon law began to change the old ritual of betrothal, the virginal state of the woman entering marriage gained greater importance. At the same time, marriage in the Late Middle Ages continued to include many elements of its older understanding as a contract concerning property transfer between families. A new perception of gender relations also arose, whereby women became partners in the actual contract-making. The 'handshake' was now between the husband and wife, instead of between the father of the bride and her future husband. The rituals connected to the different bonds gained new meaning: marriage was no longer a financial matter alone, but also involved religious beliefs and a closer union of the spouses.

This is an account of a remarkable nomadic people in the heart of West Africa, presumably the only hunting and foraging community to withstand its bloody legacy of slave-raiding, colonisation, warfare, and environmental degradation. Rich in detail, epic in scope, Ida Nicolaisen's evocative book on the Haddad recreates the essence of nomadic existence from prehistoric times through the ups and downs of Sudanese Empires to our times. Based on fieldwork among the Haddad and a meticulous reading of the scanty sources on the cultures of Northern Chad, the author offers a fascinating description of the every-day life, subsistence strategies, knowledge, poetry and music of this little known people. The book takes the reader on hunting expeditions with one group that chases gazelle and antelope into cleverly placed 'traps' of nets; it describes how hunters of another group crawl up on their prey in disguise with bow and arrow, as Saharan rock paintings tell us pre-historic man did in the region. Ida Nicolaisen's scientific precision informs her analysis of the complex multi-ethnic setting of which the economic and social life of the Haddad form part and her insights into the traumatic implications of the history of the region on their lives. The continued existence of hunting and foraging communities in West Africa has so far gone unnoticed. By adding this valuable material on the indigenous Haddad to the puzzle, Ida Nicolaisen's book seeks to stimulate the interest of scholars, and to encourage in the public a wider and more sophisticated reading of African history, culture and social issues.

Throughout the entire span of Graeco-Roman antiquity Alexandria represented a meeting place for many ethnic cultures and the city itself was subject to a wide range of local developments, which created and formatted a distinct Alexandrine 'culture' as well as several distinct 'cultures'. Ancient Greek, Roman and Jewish observers communicated or held claim to that particular message. Hence, Arrian, Theocritus, Strabo, and Athenaeus reported their fascination of the Alexandrine melting pot to the wider world and so did Philo, Josephus and Clement. In various fashions, the four papers of Part I of the volume, Alexandria from Greece and Egypt, deal with the relationship between Ptolemaic Alexandria and its Greek past. However, the Egyptian origin and heritage also play important roles for the arguments. The contributions to the second part of the book are devoted to discussions of various aspects of contact and development between Rome, Judaism and Christianity.

This book features hitherto unpublished finds from the Minoan Palace periods discovered in major and minor excavations of recent years in the central, eastern and northern Aegean. The sites in the Aegean are Thera, Ios, Karpathos, Rhodes, Lemnos and Samothrace, while the west coast of Asia Minor are represented with the Urla peninsula (Cesme), Teichioussa, Iasos, Miletus and Troy. The papers discuss finds such as pottery, loom weights, other small finds, administrative written and sealed documents, and architecture seen in relation to questions like trade, 'minoanising' and colonization. The central issues of the conference are discussed among Aegean scholars in the last chapter.

Tylos Period Burials in Bahrain - Volume II - The Hamad Town DS 3 & Shakhoura Cemeteries

Periodical from the Danish Institute at Athens publishing results of Danish archaeological field work in Greece and the Eastern Mediterranean and studies by Danish and international scholars working within the same thematic and geographical field of research. This volume includes field reports from Kalydon and the Zea harbour of Athens, and studies in Ancient Greek polyandry, Mithridates VI as Rome’s perfect enemy and sophistic literature. With contributions by Niels Andreasen, Søren Dietz, Hedvig von Ehrenheim, Martin S Harbsmeier, Dimitris C Papadopoulos, Helle Salskov Roberts, Annette Højen Sørensen, Maria Stavropoulou-Gatsi, Ingrid Strøm, Olga Zolotnikova, Christian Høgel, Jacob Isager, Bjørn Lovén, Jesper Majbom Madsen, Mads Møller Nielsen and Nota Pantzou.