Badger’s historic English-Arabic lexicon has long been noted for its feature of rending English words into literary and colloquial Arabic. Hard to locate even in used form, this historical dictionary is now available to students of the history of language study and those interested in the history of Arabic study.

Badger’s historic English-Arabic lexicon has long been noted for its feature of rending English words into literary and colloquial Arabic. Hard to locate even in used form, this historical dictionary is now available to students of the history of language study and those interested in the history of Arabic study.

Originally compiled by Destur Hoshangji Jamaspji Asa, this historic dictionary was revised and enlarged by Martin Haug. This edition of the glossary represents the first time that the Pahlavî-Pâzand, or Saanian Farhang, was published in its ancient form and arrangement. The dictionary is of an Aramaic translation into Middle Persian, in Pahlavi script. A substantial introductory essay on Pahlavi begins the work; entries are translated into English, occasionally reaching substantial essays. A truly historic attempt to document a language far removed from many European and new world scholars, Haug has produced an indispensable historic dictionary.

This historical dictionary contains an English translation of the Frahang-I Oim-evak, an antique Avestan and Middle Persian dictionary. A collaboration between Martin Haug and Destur Hoshengji Jamaspji, this rare glossary provides the Pahlavi translations for almost 900 Avestan words. Avestan is an Eastern Old Iranian language used by the Zoroastrian Avesta. It represents one of the earliest known Iranian languages. This dictionary was one of the earliest attempts to present the material to a western readership. Still considered a historic entry-point into the language, Haug’s glossary has become a rare find. Gorgias Press is pleased to bring it back into circulation as a part of our Historical Dictionary series.

A treat for the scholar of under-represented languages and the history of Mongolia, this monumental work on the Old Turkic inscriptions of Mongolia remains the classic exploration of the field. Originally published in three volumes, this two volume set contains all of the original material. Radloff’s analysis of the the Orkhon Valley monuments includes presentations in the original Old Turkic, or Orkhom-Yenisey script. These monuments represent the earliest known Turkish language. The inscriptions derive from obelisks dated to the eighth century A.D. and they relate the legendary origins of the Turks, long before the sole association with Anatolia. Related are the period of cultural achievements, the troubles encountered with the Chinese, and their eventual liberation.

A treat for the scholar of under-represented languages and the history of Mongolia, this monumental work on the Old Turkic inscriptions of Mongolia remains the classic exploration of the field. Originally published in three volumes, this two volume set contains all of the original material. Radloff’s analysis of the the Orkhon Valley monuments includes presentations in the original Old Turkic, or Orkhom-Yenisey script. These monuments represent the earliest known Turkish language. The inscriptions derive from obelisks dated to the eighth century A.D. and they relate the legendary origins of the Turks, long before the sole association with Anatolia. Related are the period of cultural achievements, the troubles encountered with the Chinese, and their eventual liberation.

More of a grammatical tool than an actual grammar, this Arabic publication of ten ancient treatises on Arabic philology is a useful tool for the student of Arabic who already knows the basics of the language. Each piece begins with a description of the manuscript and what is known of the author and is accompanied by footnotes and an index.

Based on years of personal experience in India, Joseph Peet’s grammar of Malayalam was the first attempt by a western scholar to document the language. Set out like a classical grammar of the period, Peet begins with an introduction to the language and the orthography. The parts of speech are each treated, followed by an account of the syntax. One of the official languages of India, Malayalam is spoken by about 37 million individuals, mostly in the state of Kerala in the southern part of the nation. For the historian interested in the history of the study of Malayalam, this grammar is a special find.

A winning combination of two historical grammars, this volume includes both Kautzsch’s edition of Gesenius’ Hebrew Grammar and Davidson’s Hebrew Syntax. Together these classic Hebrew resources will be of interest to serious students of Hebrew grammar and those interested in the history of grammatical studies of the language.

St Marylebone parish grew from humble beginnings on the city's margins to become, in the 18th and 19th centuries, one of the wealthiest in London, home to the elite and fashionable. The small parish church on Marylebone High Street, built in brick in 1742 on the site of the medieval church, was inadequate for such a congregation and was superceded in 1817 by today's far grander edifice on Marylebone Road. Archaeological investigations in 1992 showed that the graveyard - levelled in the 1930s for a playground for St Marylebone Church of England School for Girls - lay substantially undisturbed beneath the playground. In 2004 plans to build an underground sports hall allowed excavation of a sample of the burial ground and part of the church itself. Most of the 350+ burials recorded were from the graveyard; some were in family vaults and others inside the church crypt. The archaeological results and detailed osteological analysis of 301 individuals are combined with documentary research into the parish and its population, including the woman who preferred parrots to men, the artist who died of lockjaw and the Reverend headmaster and his 'most wicked and abandoned wife'. This volume is one of the largest and most comprehensive studies of a post-medieval London cemetery.

Leaping Poetry is Robert Bly's testament to the singular importance of the artistic leap that bridges the gap between conscious and unconscious thought in any great work of art; the process that Bly refers to as \u201criding on dragons.\u201d Originally published in 1972 in Bly's literary journal The Seventies, Leaping Poetry is part anthology and part commentary, wherein Bly seeks to rejuvenate modern Western poetry through his revelations of \u201cleaping\u201d as found in the works of poets from around the world, including Federico Garcia Lorca, Chu Yuan, Tomas Transtr\u00f6mer, and Allen Ginsberg, among others, while also outlining the basic principles that shape his own poetry. Bly seeks the use of quick, free association of the known and the unknown-the innate animal and rational cognition-which, he maintains, have been kept apart in the development of Western religious, intellectual, and literary thought.

Through theoretical, philosophical, cultural, political, and historical analysis, Horacio Legras views the myriad factors that have both formed and stifled the integration of peripheral experiences into Latin American literature. Despite these barriers, Legras reveals a handful of contemporary authors who have attempted in earnest to present marginalized voices to the Western world. His deep and insightful analysis of key works by novelists Juan Jos\u00e9 Saer (The Witness), Nellie Campobello (Cartucho), Roa Bastos (Son of Man), and Jose Mar\u00eda Arguedas (The Fox from Up Above and the Fox from Down Below), among others, provides a theoretical basis for understanding the plight of the author, the peripheral voice and the confines of the literary medium. What emerges is an intricate discussion of the clash and subjugation of cultures and the tragedy of a lost worldview.

Love on the Streets is a selection from two of Doubiago's book-length poems, Hard Country and South America Mi Hija and from the collections Psyche Drives the Coast and Body and Soul, plus new poems. Hard Country takes place in 1976, on a journey across the U.S. with a lover, climaxing on the lake where his mother drowned herself when he was ten. South America Mi Hija is a journey the poet made with her 15 year-old daughter to Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. Psyche Drives the Coast are poems written while Doubiago lived mainly on the road, and in diverse, passionate communities of poets from Mendocino to the Canadian border. Body and Soul was written while she was a resident of Oregon, and the new poems are written from her present home in San Francisco.

When Fat Boy, the first atomic bomb was detonated at Los Alamos, New Mexico in 1945, moral responsibility in science was forever thrust into the forefront of philosophical debate. The culmination of the famed Manhattan Project, which employed many of the world's best scientific minds, was a singular event that signaled a new age of science for power and profit and the monumental responsibility that these actions entailed.Today, the drive for technological advances in areas such as pharmaceuticals, biosciences, communications, and the defense industry channels the vast majority of scientific endeavor into applied research. In The Responsible Scientist, John Forge examines the challenges of social, moral, and legal responsibility faced by today's scientists. Focusing on moral responsibility, Forge argues that scientists have a responsibility not to do work that has harmful outcomes and that they are encouraged to do work that prevents harm. Scientists also have a backward-looking responsibility, whereby they must prevent wrongful outcomes and omissions that they are in a position to foresee.Forge presents a broad overview of many areas of scientific endeavor, citing the responsibility of corporations, employees, and groups of scientists as judged by the values of science and society's appraisals of actions and outcomes. He maintains that ultimate responsibility lies in the hands of the individual-the responsible scientist-who must exhibit the diligence and foresight to anticipate the use and abuse of his or her work.

The theatrical endeavours that took place in Iceland during 1860 to 1920, gradually brought about a consciousness of ability and quality which was a prerequisite for professionalism. In the evolution of a theatre or theatrical phenomena in any country, the step from amateurish endeavours to professional art is crucial. Indeed, the social and artistic consequences of such a step are of the utmost significance for a country's culture in general. The signs of this development can be noticed in totally different criteria ranging from playwriting and repertory to the art of playing. The eventual transition into professionalism can form the ultimate goal both for those directly involved and for all theatre lovers in any given society. The borderline between amateur and professional theatre is nonetheless a thin one. One grows out of the other. Indeed amateur theatre provides the roots for a living professional theatre, which in turn offers both model and stimulation to those who follow. The role of the amateur theatre in this regard is often underestimated. These and other issues are discussed in this fascinating book by Iceland's leading expert on the theatre.

This book is about attribute mathematics, in which nothing ever gets bigger or smaller. More specifically, it is about some of what attribute mathematics can do toward the full digitalization of thought and language. The matter is relevant not only directly to linguistics and philosophy but also indirectly to electrical engineering and neuroscience. The twenty-first century will be that of the brain. Human existence will gradually be turned inside out as tools such as genetics and Boolean algebra allow us to see ourselves function on the smallest scale while it is happening.